Abstract Objective:
To investigate the role of Vitamin C in reducing oxidative stress and improving antioxidant defense mechanisms in adults exposed to environmental stressors.

Context:
Vitamin C is a water-soluble antioxidant that plays a pivotal role in neutralizing free radicals, preventing oxidative damage, and regenerating other antioxidants such as Vitamin E. Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body, which can lead to cellular damage, aging, and the development of chronic diseases. Vitamin C deficiency can increase susceptibility to oxidative damage, especially in individuals exposed to environmental pollutants, smoking, or high-intensity physical activities.

Methods Used:
A randomized, controlled clinical study was conducted with 180 adults aged 30-65, all of whom had moderate exposure to environmental pollutants, such as urban air pollution or smoking. The participants were divided into two groups: one group received 1,500 mg of Vitamin C daily, and the other group received a placebo. Blood samples were collected at the beginning of the study and after 8 weeks to measure oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), along with the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the plasma.

Researchers' Summary of Findings:
The group receiving Vitamin C supplementation exhibited significantly lower levels of oxidative stress markers, with MDA levels reduced by 28% and 8-OHdG levels reduced by 22% compared to the placebo group. Moreover, there was a notable increase in total antioxidant capacity in the Vitamin C group, reflecting improved overall antioxidant defense.

Health Implications:
Vitamin C supplementation provides strong protection against oxidative stress, particularly for individuals exposed to environmental stressors. The findings indicate that Vitamin C plays a key role in enhancing the body’s antioxidant defense system, which may help prevent chronic diseases linked to oxidative damage, including cardiovascular diseases, certain cancers, and accelerated aging.